Rostam+And+Sohrab

**Team captain:** Demi L. Yvonne N. Anthony C.
 * Group members: **

Shāhnāméh: شاهنامه فردوسی



//"The houses that are the dwelling of today will sink beneath shower and sunshine to decay but storm and rain shall never mar the palace that I have built with my poetry."-Ferdowsi// This epic tale is structured around the mythical and historical reign of 50 Persian Kings - Shahname literally means 'Book of Kings'. The tale can be roughly divided into three parts: the first part tells of the mythical creation of Persia and its earliest fabled past; the second part tells of the legendary Kings and the heroes Rostam and Sohrab; the third part blends historical fact with legend, telling of the semi-mythical adventures of actual historical Kings. The manuscripts were made for Kings, and the epic is about both Kings and kingship, though many of the Kings recorded in the epic were in reality unable to live up to these high principles.
 * Summary: **

Opens with a cosmography and the creation of the world out of nothing.
 * Part one:[[image:Zal,%20Sam%20and%20Simorgh%20on%20mountain%20l-%20Houghton.jpg align="left"]] **
 * The reign of Jamshid for 700 hundred years.
 * The rule of Zahhak the evil Serpent King who is finally killed by the blacksmith.
 * The rule of Faridun and his sons.


 * Part two: **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">The birth and reign of Zal.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">The birth of his son Rostam.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">The reign of Rostam for 300 years, during which he overcomes seven heroic trials and many demons, marries Tahmina.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Sam married an unnamed palace courtier
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Their son Zal married Princess Rudabeh, daughter of the King of Karbol.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Their son Rostam married Princess Tahmineh.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Sohrab is their son.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">The death of Sohrab by his own father, Rostam.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Part three: **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">The reigns and adventures of, among others: Key
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Khosrow; Siyavush; Goshtasp; Esfandiyar; Darius; Alexander, and Bahram Gur.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">This is the story of four generations, of fathers and sons, courage and skill, love and honour, war and grief, and of fathers making mistakes – sometimes putting their mistakes right, sometimes forgetting. This theme of fathers and sons reoccurs throughout the epic.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Main characters: **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Sam
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Zal
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Simorgh
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Rakhsh
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Rudabeh
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">King Kay Kavus
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">King of Samangan
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Tahmina
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Sohrab

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">**Content of "Rostam and Sohrab":**
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Rostam meets the King of Samengan in his search of Rakhsh, his horse.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Rostam marries Tahmineh, the daughter of King of Samengan, and leaves after reuniting with Rakhsh.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Tahmineh bears a son named Sohrab, who grows curious of his lineage as he ages.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Sohrab seeks Rostam after learning about his lineage, preparing for war against Iran in the process.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Rostam thought of Sohrab as a infant, while Sohrab was ignorant of his father's features.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Afrasiyab of Turan was Rostam's enemy and used Sohrab's ignorance in his attempt to rid the world of Rostam.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Kai Kawous, the Shah of Iran, was fearful of the young Sohrab from Turan's army and called upon the Rostam, the greatest warrior of Iran's army to defend Iran.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Rostam and Sohrab fought valiantly against one another, until Rostam prayed to his God for strength to become victorious.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">As Sohrab laid dying on the ground, he spoke of his intent in raging war against Iran was to find Rostam, his father.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">While done in ignorance of his identity, Rostam grieved in mortally wounding Sohrab.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Tahmineh died one year after Sohrab died.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">﻿There are many different criteria that different critics agree should make up an epic hero; however, there are a select few that remain constants between all critics...
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Contents of Saiawosh:[[image:rostam-kills-archang.jpg align="left"]] **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Some brave knights of Iran went into the forest of Daghoui to hunt, while there they found beautiful women.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Kai Kawas married the women and had a son named Saiawosh, who was triained by Rostam.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Saiawosh returned to Iran many years later where one of Kai Kawous's wives, Sudaveh, longed for him.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Upon rejection from Saiawosh, Sudaveh went about spreading ill rumors of Saiawosh.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Kai Kawous, who is in love with Sudaveh, is torn between the two as to who is telling the truth.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Sudaveh is sentenced to death after Saiawosh was proven innocent.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Saiawosh begs for Sudaveh to be pardon for Kai Kawous was madly in love with Sudaveh, even though she spoke badly of Saiawosh.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Iran and Turan go to war. Iran sent Rostam and Saiawosh to the front lines.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Turan offers a peace agreement, which Rostam and Saiawosh agreed to as a wise plan.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Kai Kawous was angered that Saiawosh did not fight Turan, causing Saiawosh to seek refuge from Afrasiyab of Turan.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Piren, Afrasiyab's lead host, spoke of Saiawosh's nobility and agreed to take Saiawosh into his kingdom.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Afrasiyab and Saiawosh become like father and son.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Gersiwaz, Afraisiyab's brother, became jealous of the love Afraisiyab gave Saiawosh.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Afraiasiyab is tricked by Gersiwaz into believing Saiawosh planned to destroy Turan.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Afraiasiyab foolishly killed Saiawosh despite the truth laid out before him, repenting in killing Saiawosh.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">What makes an epic hero:[[image:rostam-kills-lion.jpg align="left"]] **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">A hero has a call to adventure with a guardian or peril at the beginning that they must overcome or persuade to enter into the adventure.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">A hero meets a guide or gains a companion who is with them through the adventure.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">hero faces trials and enemies while struggling on an epic journey
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">The hero then faces the great enemy. The hero must find a way to overcome the enemy
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">The hero survives (or doesn't survive) the aftermath of defeating the enemy.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">The hero returns home bringing with him or her a key or a gift for those left behind
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">unusual circumstances surround the hero’s birth

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">The deeper meaning behind the story of Rostam and Sohrab is that people are only capable of loving, giving and realize, when they are able to weigh situations within themselves and possess harmony.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Values of characters:<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">[[image:rostam-captures-ulad.jpg align="left"]] **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Rostam:"Rostam [is] the crystallization of the desires of all Iranian people, representing the epitome of all human aspiration" (Hafizi, 2009).
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Sohrab: Sohrab is the classic personification of every father's dream of his son becomming more successful than he (Sorhab becomming a great warrior and becomming well known among the people).

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Reason for attraction to children: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">The reason these stories are attractive to children is because they have a similar feel as a traditional American fairy tale, including tales of heroism, love, and sacrifice. Example in the story of Zal and Rodaben; Rodabeh offers to let down her hair (Rapunzel) for Zan to climb. Rostam and Sohrab is also the classic story of father pitted against son in a battle of young and old.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;"> <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">[] <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">[] <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">[]
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 300%;">Art: **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">[] <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">[] <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">[]

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">[] <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">[]